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1.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr ; 76(5): 302-309, 2018 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29898076

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: A 4.5-year follow-up study was conducted to characterize baseline verbal episodic memory (VEM) and its behavior and to assess the effects of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) on this domain. METHODS: Twenty-nine patients with RRMS underwent two neuropsychological assessments performed an average of 4.5 years apart. Twenty-six control participants underwent a single neuropsychological assessment. A significance level of p < 0.005 was adopted to denote a significant difference between the groups on the Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon paired statistical analyses. RESULTS: No statistical difference was found in the results of the VEM tests between the first and second neuropsychological assessments of the patients. However, a statistical difference was evident between the patient and control groups in the results of the VEM tests. CONCLUSION: The patient group showed changes in the VEM relative to the control group. After approximately 4.5 years of disease, the patient performance on the VEM stabilized or improved.


Subject(s)
Memory Disorders/etiology , Memory, Episodic , Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/complications , Adolescent , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Memory Disorders/physiopathology , Middle Aged , Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/physiopathology , Neuropsychological Tests , Statistics, Nonparametric , Young Adult
2.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 76(5): 302-309, May 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950536

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: A 4.5-year follow-up study was conducted to characterize baseline verbal episodic memory (VEM) and its behavior and to assess the effects of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) on this domain. Methods: Twenty-nine patients with RRMS underwent two neuropsychological assessments performed an average of 4.5 years apart. Twenty-six control participants underwent a single neuropsychological assessment. A significance level of p < 0.005 was adopted to denote a significant difference between the groups on the Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon paired statistical analyses. Results: No statistical difference was found in the results of the VEM tests between the first and second neuropsychological assessments of the patients. However, a statistical difference was evident between the patient and control groups in the results of the VEM tests. Conclusion: The patient group showed changes in the VEM relative to the control group. After approximately 4.5 years of disease, the patient performance on the VEM stabilized or improved.


RESUMO Objetivo: Neste estudo, propomos a caracterização da Memória Episódica Verbal (MEV) basal e o seu comportamento após o período de 4,5 anos de doença, a fim de avaliar o efeito da EMRR neste domínio. Métodos: Vinte e nove pacientes com EMRR foram submetidos a duas avaliações neuropsicológicas realizadas entre um intervalo de tempo médio de 4,5 anos. Vinte e seis controles foram submetidos à avaliação neuropsicológica única. Considerou-se nível de significância p <0,005 para delinear diferença significante entre os grupos nas análises estatísticas Mann Whitney e Wilcoxon pareado. Resultados: Não houve diferença estatística nos resultados dos testes de MEV entre a primeira e segunda avaliação neuropsicológica realizada pelos pacientes. Houve discrepância estatística nos resultados dos testes de MEV entre o grupo dos pacientes e controles. Conclusão: O grupo de pacientes apresentou alterações de MEV quando comparado aos controles. Após 4,5 anos aproximadamente os pacientes estabilizaram ou melhoraram seu desempenho em MEV.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/complications , Memory, Episodic , Memory Disorders/etiology , Case-Control Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric , Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/physiopathology , Memory Disorders/physiopathology , Neuropsychological Tests
3.
Dement Neuropsychol ; 11(1): 62-68, 2017.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29213495

ABSTRACT

Executive functions (EFs) regulate human behavior and allow individuals to interact and act in the world. EFs are sensitive to sociodemographic variables such as age, which promotes their decline, and to others that can exert a neuroprotective effect. OBJECTIVE: To assess the predictive role of education, occupation and family income on decline in executive functions among a sample with a wide age range. METHODS: A total of 925 participants aged 18-89 years with 1-28 years' education were submitted to assessment of executive functions using the Card Sorting Test (CST), Phonemic Verbal Fluency (FAS) Task and Semantic Verbal Fluency (SVF) Task. Data on income, occupation and educational level were collected for the sample. The data were analyzed using Linear Regression, as well as Pearson's and Spearman's Correlation. RESULTS: Age showed a significant negative correlation (p<0.001) with performance on the CST, FAS and SVF, whereas education, income and occupation were positively associated (p<0.001) with the tasks applied. After application of the multivariate linear regression model, a significant positive relationship with the FAS was maintained only for education (p<0.001) and income (p<0.001). The negative relationship of age (p<0.001) and positive relationship of both education (p<0.001) and income (p<0.001and p=0.003) were evident on the CST and SVF. CONCLUSION: Educational level and income positively influenced participants' results on executive function tests, attenuating expected decline for age. However, no relationship was found between occupation and the cognitive variables investigated.


Funções executivas regulam o comportamento humano e permitem ao indivíduo interagir e agir no mundo. Elas são sensíveis a variáveis sociodemográficas como a idade, que promove seu declínio, e a outras que podem ter ação neuroprotetora. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o papel preditivo da escolaridade, atividade ocupacional e renda familiar sobre o declínio das funções executivas em uma amostra de ampla variação de idade. MÉTODOS: 925 participantes saudáveis com idades de 18 a 89 anos e escolaridade de 1 a 28 anos foram submetidos ao exame de funções executivas com uma Tarefa de Classificação de Cartas (TCC) e de Fluência Verbal nominal (FVN) e semântica (FVS). Foram obtidas a renda, atividade ocupacional e escolaridade da amostra. Os dados foram analisados com Regressão Linear, Correlação Pearson e Spearman. RESULTADOS: Idade apresentou correlação significativa (p<0,001) negativa com o desempenho em TCC, FVN e FVS, enquanto educação, renda e ocupação se relacionaram de forma positiva (p<0,001) com as tarefas utilizadas. Após modelo de regressão linear multivariada, apenas educação (p<0,001)e renda (p<0,001) mantiveram relação significativa positiva com FVN. A relação negativa da idade (p<0,001) e positiva de educação (p<0,001) e renda (p<0,001 e p=0,003) foi evidente em TCC e FVS. CONCLUSÃO: Escolaridade e renda influenciaram positivamente os resultados dos participantes nos testes de função executiva, tendo um efeito contrário ao declínio esperado para a idade. Por outro lado a ocupação não manteve relação com as variáveis cognitivas.

4.
Dement. neuropsychol ; 11(1): 62-68, Jan.-Mar. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-840182

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Executive functions (EFs) regulate human behavior and allow individuals to interact and act in the world. EFs are sensitive to sociodemographic variables such as age, which promotes their decline, and to others that can exert a neuroprotective effect. Objective: To assess the predictive role of education, occupation and family income on decline in executive functions among a sample with a wide age range. Methods: A total of 925 participants aged 18-89 years with 1-28 years' education were submitted to assessment of executive functions using the Card Sorting Test (CST), Phonemic Verbal Fluency (FAS) Task and Semantic Verbal Fluency (SVF) Task. Data on income, occupation and educational level were collected for the sample. The data were analyzed using Linear Regression, as well as Pearson's and Spearman's Correlation. Results: Age showed a significant negative correlation (p<0.001) with performance on the CST, FAS and SVF, whereas education, income and occupation were positively associated (p<0.001) with the tasks applied. After application of the multivariate linear regression model, a significant positive relationship with the FAS was maintained only for education (p<0.001) and income (p<0.001). The negative relationship of age (p<0.001) and positive relationship of both education (p<0.001) and income (p<0.001 and p=0.003) were evident on the CST and SVF. Conclusion: Educational level and income positively influenced participants' results on executive function tests, attenuating expected decline for age. However, no relationship was found between occupation and the cognitive variables investigated.


RESUMO Funções executivas regulam o comportamento humano e permitem ao indivíduo interagir e agir no mundo. Elas são sensíveis a variáveis sociodemográficas como a idade, que promove seu declínio, e a outras que podem ter ação neuroprotetora. Objetivo: Avaliar o papel preditivo da escolaridade, atividade ocupacional e renda familiar sobre o declínio das funções executivas em uma amostra de ampla variação de idade. Métodos: 925 participantes saudáveis com idades de 18 a 89 anos e escolaridade de 1 a 28 anos foram submetidos ao exame de funções executivas com uma Tarefa de Classificação de Cartas (TCC) e de Fluência Verbal nominal (FVN) e semântica (FVS). Foram obtidas a renda, atividade ocupacional e escolaridade da amostra. Os dados foram analisados com Regressão Linear, Correlação Pearson e Spearman. Resultados: Idade apresentou correlação significativa (p<0,001) negativa com o desempenho em TCC, FVN e FVS, enquanto educação, renda e ocupação se relacionaram de forma positiva (p<0,001) com as tarefas utilizadas. Após modelo de regressão linear multivariada, apenas educação (p<0,001)e renda (p<0,001) mantiveram relação significativa positiva com FVN. A relação negativa da idade (p<0,001) e positiva de educação (p<0,001) e renda (p<0,001 e p=0,003) foi evidente em TCC e FVS. Conclusão: Escolaridade e renda influenciaram positivamente os resultados dos participantes nos testes de função executiva, tendo um efeito contrário ao declínio esperado para a idade. Por outro lado a ocupação não manteve relação com as variáveis cognitivas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Socioeconomic Factors , Aging , Executive Function
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